30.9.2017
Primings Ranking Third Most Popular ????
Priming Queries
Short Refresher
Priming Query & Answer
;; QUESTION SECTION: ;; . IN NS
;; ANSWER SECTION: . 518400 IN NS a.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS b.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS c.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS d.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS e.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS g.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS h.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS j.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS k.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
Priming Query Answer with DNSSEC
;; ANSWER SECTION:
. 518400 IN NS a.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS b.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS c.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS d.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS e.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS f.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS g.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS h.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS i.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS j.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS k.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS l.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
. 518400 IN RRSIG NS 8 0 518400 20171011170000 20170928160000 15768 .
I3gouajLijb8zG6Nfjn3cPBETomC0RpHzEW ...
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 525
Take Aways
* Answer unchanged since 1995
TTL: 6 days
- Answer Sizes
- < 512 bytes Unsigned
- 525 bytes Signed
* It is all about the Additional Section !
Priming Query Additional Section
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.41.0.4 a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.228.79.201 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:200::b c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.33.4.12 c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2::c d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.91.13 d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2d::d e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.203.230.10 e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:a8::e f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.5.5.241 f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2f::f g.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.112.36.4 g.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:12::d0d ...
Priming Query Additional Section
h.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.97.190.53 h.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:1::53 i.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.36.148.17 i.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:7fe::53 j.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.58.128.30 j.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:c27::2:30 k.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 193.0.14.129 k.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:7fd::1 l.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.83.42 l.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:9f::42 m.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 202.12.27.33 m.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:dc3::35 ;; Query time: 5 msec ;; SERVER: 2001:7fd::1
;; EDNS: version 0; flags: ; udp: 4096 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 811
DNSSEC Variant
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.41.0.4 a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.228.79.201 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:200::b c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.33.4.12 c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2::c ... k.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 193.0.14.129 k.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:7fd::1 l.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.83.42 l.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:9f::42 m.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 202.12.27.33 m.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:dc3::35
;; EDNS: version 0; flags: ; udp: 4096 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 1097
No EDNS: Variant 1
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.41.0.4 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.228.79.201 c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.33.4.12 d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.91.13 e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.203.230.10 f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.5.5.241 g.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.112.36.4 h.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.97.190.53 i.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.36.148.17 j.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.58.128.30 k.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 193.0.14.129 l.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.83.42 m.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 202.12.27.33 a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:200::b ;; SERVER: 193.0.14.129 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 492
No EDNS: Variant 2 (IPv6 Client)
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:200::b c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2::c d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2d::d e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:a8::e f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2f::f g.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:12::d0d h.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:1::53 i.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:7fe::53 j.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:c27::2:30 ;; SERVER: 2001:7fd::1 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 508
No EDNS: Variant 3 (IPv6 Client)
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 198.41.0.4 a.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.228.79.201 b.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:200::b c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.33.4.12 c.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2::c d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 199.7.91.13 d.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2d::d e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.203.230.10 e.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:a8::e f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.5.5.241 f.root-servers.net. 518400 IN AAAA 2001:500:2f::f g.root-servers.net. 518400 IN A 192.112.36.4 ;; SERVER: 2001:7fd::1 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 508
More Variants
…
Take Aways
Via UDP:
Non EDNS Queries will get partial ADDITIONAL sections.
DNSSEC Queries with buffer sizes < 1097 bytes too.
DNSSEC Queries with buffer sizes < 525 bytes will get truncated answers.
Curiosity
Primings Ranking Third Most Popular ????
How Many Well Behaved Clients ?
